Basic electronics

CONDUCTOR : Materials in which electron can move freely at room temperature are called conductor
e.g. Copper,Aluminium,Iron etc

                                            BLUE PART: CONDUCTION BAND
                                            RED PART: VALANCE BAND
                                            BLACK PART: FORBIDDEN ENERGY GAP
INSULATOR : Materials in which electrons can not move freely at room temperature are called insulator
e.g. Wood,Plastic etc

        

SEMICONDUCTOR :Materials which act as insulator at room temperature but act as conductor in specific condition (environment) called semiconductors
e.g. Germanium,Silicon etc

P-Type material :When trivalent impurity is added to pure semiconductor material,then it will create one hole in the valance band,this material is called as p-type material
N-Type material :When pentavalent impurity is added to pure semiconductor device then it will create one electron in the valence band, this material is called as n-type material
Doping : The process by which impurity is added to pure semiconductor material is called as doping